�ߝ��ˮ͸��}��о��̽

��r�g��2009-12-24 14:29 ��Դ�� : ��ˮ��,�� x��1581

1��ǰ��

�ߝ��ˮ��о��^ȥ��Ԝ�Һ��ٞ�ָ��(bi��o)�M(j��n)�е�,��圆ˮ��ĳ��ٴ��w�ĳ��ف��о��^�̡��^��Һ��ٜy��^�̏�(f��)�s��M(f��i)�r�M(f��i)��,��؄e�Ǯ�(d��ng)�ߝ��ˮ��ɳ��^�͕r��Һ��ģ��,��y�Ԝ�(zh��n)�_�y��˸ߝ��ˮ��о��ǳ��Ҫһ��܉򺆽�,��ٜy��,��(zh��n)�_��ӳ�ߝ��ˮ��̶ȵ�ָ��(bi��o),��

��CoulterӋ��(sh��)��z1�{��(j��)��ԭ��HiacӋ��(sh��)��Լ��N�ӵĹ�ɢ��Ӌ��(sh��)��ۙ�ߝ��ˮ��^��׃��ԫ@��Ѓrֵ��Y��,��^�@Щ��چ��}��,��ںܶ��r��회�ˮ��M(j��n)��һ��ϡጣ��Ա��w��دB��Ӱ�,��p��w��ͨ�^Coulter�׿ڻ�HiacӋ��(sh��)��ęz�y�^(q��)�r��Ŀ��,��@Щ��һ��y��r�g��^�L,��Ҳ��܌��F(xi��n)�ھ��B�m(x��)�z�y��½�Gregory��Nelson��һ�N�µĹ�W(xu��)��z�y�b��[2],��ǻ��ӑҝ�Һ��͸��}��ֵ�鷴ӳ�w��ľۼ��̶ȣ��cǰ��ᵽ�Ĺ�ɢ��Ӌ��(sh��)��Ditter[1]��˵�͸��б��|(zh��)�^(q��)�e,��ܹ��ˮ��w�e��С,��z�y��ǆ΂��ӵ��О飬��M(j��n)��}�_�߶ȷ��̎��,��Gregory�ķ��ͬ�r�ڹ�·��(n��i)�z�y��w��҃x��y��,��̎��͸�^��}�ӳɷ�,��

��ĔM��W(xu��)�z�y��Խ�B,��Lԇ��ԓ��O(ji��n)�y�ڸ��N�l��¸ߝ��ˮ��^��,��ԇ�D��һ�N�µĸߝ��ˮ��о��

2��W(xu��)�z�yԭ��

ȡ�ӹܣ�͸��һ��Ͷȡ��yˮ��,��һ�Mխ��ȡ�ӹܵęM��棬͸�^��ɹ��Ԫ��z�y,��ڑҝ�Һ��w��ֲ��Ĳ��ټ��ڵĲ��\(y��n)��,��Թ�·��(n��i)�w��(sh��)Ŀ��S�C(j��)׃��ģ��ò��ɷֲ��[3]��ʹ͸�⏊(qi��ng)��Ҳ�a(ch��n)��C(j��)��ӣ��(y��ng)늉��̖��S�C(j��)��ӣ��z�y�x��D(zhu��n)�Q��,��ˮ��Н��|(zh��)�w��@�N׃��,��ͨ��늉��

��d��1996��3�ڵġ��oˮ��ˮ��s־��ֵ�ľ��ӳ,��z�y�x�ж��ݔ��ֵ,��һ��}��늉��ľ��VR��,��һ��VR�c��(y��ng)��ֱ��늉�V�ı�ֵR��VR/V��һ��ָ��(bi��o)R��x��Ĵ�С��ܹ�W(xu��)��Ⱦ��Ư�Ƶ�Ӱ�,��@��헌�VR��V�Ў׺��ͬ��Ӱ�,��@�ڌ��H��(y��ng)��x�ܴ�,��ˮ̎��У�ȡ�ӹ��Ⱦ�܇�(y��n)��,��

��ֵR�c��|(zh��)�w��Ă��(sh��)��,��ߴ缰��·��(n��i)ˮ��w�e��P(gu��n)��ǆ�һ��M�ɵđҝ�,��Rֵ��_(d��)ʽ��[3]��

ʽ�У�L��·��cm��,��
�� A��Ч�M��e��cm2��,��
�� N��ɢ��M��Ci��w��(sh��)��ȣ�1/cm3��,��
��ʽ�У��ض��ęz�y�x��,��L,��A�ǳ��(sh��)��@�rRֵֻ��Ni,��Ci��P(gu��n),��Ci�S�w��Ĵ�С,��ʽ׃��ĳˮ�Ӷ��,��|(zh��)�w��ەr��w��(sh��)Ŀ��Ni��pС,��,��w��ɢ��棨Ci��,��@�ɷN׃��Rֵ��෴�ģ��C�ϽY(ji��)��Ȼ��Rֵ�S��w��Ѹ��,��w��(sh��)��ȵ�׃��Ⱦۼ��B(t��i)��׃��Rֵ��Ӱ�ҪС�öࣨ��Ҋʽ1��,��ߝ��ˮ��̎��У��γɵ��w��^�ִ�,��Ǳ�Rֵ��Ч��`��ط�ӳ��׃��^�̡�

3��򞷽��

�ߝ��ˮ��190×190×250mm�ķ��M(j��n)�еģ�Ҋ�D1��,��ԇ�rȡ6��8L�ߝ��ˮˮ��ۃ�(n��i),��һ��,��һ��Gֵ��ֲ�ʹ�ߝ��ˮ��ˮ��100mm̎��ȡˮ��z�y�x�M(j��n)�Йz�y,��ȡ��0��094m/s,��z�y�xϵӢ��RANKBROTHERS LTD��Ʒ��

�z�yֵRֱ��ڙz�y�x�Ĕ�(sh��)�a��@ʾ,��ӛ䛃xͬ�r�Ԅ��M(j��n)��ӛ䛡��Һ��ֱ��Мy��,��ǌ�ĳ�ߝ��ˮˮ��M(j��n)��r,��ĳ�r��ֹͣ��,��ӛ�´˕rRֵ,��ͬ�r�_ʼ��v�r��H��t��Һ��,��

ԇ�ˮ��ϵ��I��ԁ�ˮ��m��ԁ�ˮ��˾һˮ�Sݗ��Ȼ��e��ƶ��,��ĸҺ��ɳ��100��6kg/m3,��D50��0��008mm��D90��0��035mm,��ԇ�r�ɸ��(j��)��Ҫ�M(j��n)��ϡ�,��

��ʹ��x��;۱��3��ˮ��30��,��300�f��Ƶ��Һ��Ȟ�0��1��SW��LW��,��Ͷ�ӕr�ɸ��(j��)��Ҫ�M(j��n)��ϡጡ�

4��Rֵ�c��Һ��ٵ��P(gu��n)��

��M(j��n)�иߝ��ˮ��ԇ�,��ͬ�r�y��Rֵ�͜�Һ��١,��Ɨl��ÿ�Mԇ�ֻ�y��Rֵ��ֵ��(y��ng)�Ĝ�Һ��١��ɳ��30,��40,��60,��70kg/m3��ĸߝ��ˮ�քe�M(j��n)��ԇ�,��ͬ��ɳ��ͨ�^��׃Ͷˎ��@��Rmax��(y��ng)�Ĝ�Һ��,��ԇ�rG��46s-1(80r/min)��ˮ��13��5��,��Y(ji��)��ʾ�ڈD2��

�Y(ji��)��,��ɳ��ͬ�ĸߝ��ˮ,��Rֵ��Һ��P(gu��n),��P(gu��n)ϵ��(sh��)��0��975��0��998,��ɳ��ͬ�r��P(gu��n)��׃��,��(d��ng)��ɳ��ͬ�r,��Rֵ�͜�Һ��һ�ӿ��Ժܺõط�ӳ�ߝ�ˮ��̶�,��(d��ng)��ɳ��ͬ�r��D3�еČ��c�^ɢ�y,��ɳ��Ȍ��Һ��ٮa(ch��n)��Ӱ�,��

5��ߝ��ˮ��ͬ��l��Rֵ��׃��

�ߝ��ˮ��(d��ng)Ͷˎ��^��ӄ��,��ںܴ�Ͷ��(n��i)��Ͷˎ��Խ��Ч��Խ��,��Һ��Խ��,��D3��a��z�y�x��ɳ��34kg/m3��Ͷˎ��քe��0��68,��1��02��1��36,��1��71,��1��87mg/L�ĸߝ��ˮ��^�̵õ��Rֵ�S��r�g��׃��r��ԇ�r��ˮ��13��5��,��Gֵ62s-1��ԇ�Y(ji��)��,��ߝ��ˮ��ˎ��,��RֵѸ��󣬽�(j��ng)�^20��S��_(d��)��ֵ,��֮��_ʼ�pС��څ�ڷ�(w��n)��,��ˎ��,��w��L��S��w��,��üӄ�,��(d��ng)��w��L��_(d��)��ĳ�Nƽ�⣬Rֵڅ�ڷ�(w��n)��,��Ͷˎ��,��Rֵ��,��Ͷˎ��r��Rֵ��СͶ��Ľ�7��1��3��8��8��,��f��ߝ��ˮ��̶��SͶˎ��Ӷ��ߡ�

�D3��b��,��c��ǌ��ɳ��45��2kg/m3,��Ͷˎ��քe��1��35mg/L��0��88mg/L�ĸߝ��ˮ��r��ϕr�g��ͬ,��Rֵ��r�g��׃��r��ԇ�rˮ��13��5��,��

��ϕrG1��106s��1,��(y��ng)�rG2��23s��1��D��ԇ�Y(ji��)��,��(d��ng)��ϕr�gС��5s�r��Rֵ�S��ϕr�g��,��(d��ng)��ϕr�gС��5s�r,��S��ϕr�g��L��Rֵ�pС��l��һ��ėl��,��ߝ��ˮ��һ��ѻ�ϕr�g,��˕r�õ��w��,��ϕr�g��̫�̣��ˮ��о��,��ò��ܳ�ְl(f��)�],��֮��ϕr�g̫�L,��װ��ѳ��L��w��飬�D3��c��Ҏ(gu��)�ɸ��D4��b��,��ֻ��Ͷˎ��С,��Rֵ��͜pС,��

�D3��b��l��һ��r��,��׃Ͷˎ��ȕr,��z�y�ߝ��ˮ��^�̵õ��ĽY(ji��)��ԇ�ˮ�Ӻ�ɳ��45��2mg/m3,��ϕrG1��62S-1,��ϕr�g10s,��(y��ng)�rG2��23s��1,��3��Ͷ��2��64mg/L,��ˮ��14��5�棬ˎ��Ͷ�ӝ��0��5��0��002��,�,��D3��d��,��ͬ�l��£��Ͷ�ӝ��С,��Rֵ��,��Rֵ��󣬷�֮Rֵ��С,��ߝ��ˮ��ɳ��,ˎ��y�Է�ɢ,��ˎ��ĝ�Ⱥ�ˎҺճ�ԜpС,��w�e��,��ڸߝ��ˮ�о��ɢ,��l(f��)�]��֡��ɳ��^С��ˮ��,��ˎ��Ͷ�ӝ�Ȍ�RֵӰ��^С,��ԇ�Y(ji��)��c��нY(ji��)Փ��Ǻϡ�

6��Y(ji��)Փ

��z�y�x��ڱO(ji��n)�y�ߝ��ˮ��^��,��ǘO��`��Ч��,��ͬ��ɳ��ĸߝ��ˮ��z�yֵR�c��Һ��P(gu��n),��ɳ��ͬ�r,��mȻ��P(gu��n)��׃���څ��Rֵ��Һ��ߣ��Rֵͬ��Һ��һ�Ӷ��Ժܺ÷�ӳ�ߝ��ˮ��̶�,��Ǹߝ��ˮ��о��Ҫָ��(bi��o)��Rֵ��Ч��ʾ��N��،��ߝ��ˮ��Ч��Ӱ��r,��z�y�x��,��١��,��Ɍ��F(xi��n)�ھ��B�m(x��)�z�y,��

��īI(xi��n)

[1] ��ˮ��ߝ��ˮ��Ͷˎ��Ʒ��о��,��I��W(xu��)��ʿՓ�ġ�);">Փ�ģ�1993,��
[2] RANK BROTHERS LTD . “Photometic Dispersion Analyser PDA 2000 OPERTATING MANUAL”.
[3] Gregory J.Turbidity flctuations in flowing suspensions[J]. J.Colloid Interface Sci.,1985,105(2):357-371.

����D(zhu��n)�d��ǳ��ڂ��f��Ϣ֮Ŀ��,��Ё�Դ��(bi��o)ע�e�`��ַ��ĺϷ��(qu��n)�棬Ո��߳֙�(qu��n)��C��c��W(w��ng)(li��n)ϵ,��҂��r��h��,��x�x,��