ˮ̎��İl(f��)չ��չ��

��r�g��2010-11-08 16:41 ��Դ��Ƽ��Ϣ ��: ��S�� A ��x��3012

��ժҪ����ǌ��ܑB(t��i)��Ⱦ��ķ��x��g(sh��),��ָ�ڻ��,��ʹ�Uˮ�е��z�w�ͼ�(x��)΢�Ҹ��۳��w��Ȼ��Է��x��ȥ��ˮ̎��,��ڽoˮ�͏Uˮ̎��еđ�(y��ng)��Ƿǳ��V��,��ȿ��Խ��ԭˮ�ĝ��,��ɫ�ȵ�ˮ�|(zh��)�ĸ��^ָ��(bi��o)��ֿ��ȥ��N�ж��к��Ⱦ��,�,��̎��Ч��Q��m(x��)��̵��\(y��n)�й��r��̎��M(f��i)�ü��K��ˮˮ�|(zh��),��Ҫ��о��M(j��n)չ�M(j��n)��u��,��İl(f��)չ��չ��

��P(gu��n)�I�~��ˮ̎��,��o�C(j��)��,��ЙC(j��)��

��^��ǽoˮ�͏Uˮ̎��๤ˇ��в��ȱ�ٵ�ǰ�Æ�Ԫ��g(sh��),��̎��Ч��Q��m(x��)��̵��\(y��n)�й��r��̎��M(f��i)�ü��K��ˮˮ�|(zh��),��S��ˮ�YԴ��ȱ��ˮ�w��Ⱦ��(y��n)��, ��M(j��n)һ��(qi��ng)��^��,��U(ku��)չ̎��Ч��,��ˎ��,��s�̷��(y��ng)�r�g��Ͷ�Y��\(y��n)�гɱ�,��w�ϸ��ƬF(xi��n)�Ђ��y(t��ng)��ˇ��g(sh��)��|(zh��)��Ч��,һֱ��ˮ̎��I(l��ng)��о��ğ��c(di��n),��,��Ч,��ȫ��o��[1],��

1��o�C(j��)��

1.1�Xϵ��

�X�}��y(t��ng),��(y��ng)��V��Ļ��,��ε��X�},��X��X��\��,��Ҫ��ÙC(j��)��ͨ�^��ˮ��z�w�w��ĉ��s�p늌��,��к��,��ܘ��ü��,�Ķ�ʹ�z�w�w��Ó��(w��n)��ۡ��M��X�}��V��ʹ��,��X�ǵͶ��|(zh��),��(j��ng)��N��M(j��n)��w��,��һЩ�C(j��)�w�M��зe��,��c�S��ﻯ�W(xu��)��(y��ng),�܌��w��(n��i)��ĠI�B(y��ng)Ԫ�غ�΢��Ԫ��ÓQ��ʧ��e,�Ķ��Ɖĸ��λ��,��(d��o)��w��F(xi��n)�T��X��X��,��X��ؚѪ��ж��Y,��Q�X��ؓ(f��)��Ч��(y��ng),��y(t��ng)��X�}�б��o�C(j��)�}��Xϵ�߷��ӻ��ȡ��څ�ݡ��ۺ��Ȼ��X(PAC)�ǳ��õ��Xϵ�߷��ӻ��,��ߝ��,��͝��,��ɫ�ȼ��͜�ˮ��^�õĻ��Ч��,PAC��Ч��S�෽�惞(y��u)��\�Ȃ��y(t��ng)�X�},��Ͷ��С,��w�γ��ٶȿ��w��,�׳��,��(y��ng)��r�g��,��ԭˮˮ�ؼ�pHֵ��m�÷��V(5��9)��PAC��,߀�оۺ��X(PAS),��ۺ��X(PAP)�ȸ߷��X�},�Լ��X��(f��)��ͻ��,��Ȼ��X,��Ȼ��X��[2]��

1.2�Fϵ��

�}��X�}��Ҫ��Ʒ,��F�}��,��H��ȫ�o��, ��Ⱦ,��Ҿ��л��(qi��ng),��\��,��졢ˮ�غ�pHֵ�m�÷��V,��r��˵ȃ�(y��u)�c(di��n),��ڵؗ͜l��,�F�}�Ļ��Ч��@��(y��u)��X�}��丯�g�ԏ�(qi��ng),��O(sh��)��Ҫ��,��F�}��е�Fe3+�cˮ�и�ֳ�|(zh��)��ЙC(j��)��γ�ˮ��Ⱦ��,ʹ�ԁ�ˮ��ɫ,��xȡ,��ε��F�}��Ҫ��Ȼ��F,��၆�F�ȡ��c�X�}��,�F�}Ҳ�ĺ��εĵͷ��ӻ��߷��ӻ��l(f��)չ,��PFS��,߀�о��F(PFP),��Ȼ��F(PPFC)��Ȼ��F(PASC)�ȏ�(f��)��ͻ��[3],��

1.3�۹����

�۹��20��o(j��)30��ˮ̎��еõ��(y��ng)��,����ͨ��l��½M�֎�ؓ(f��)늺�,��x��͸߷��ӻ��,��Ҫ��u��Ě��I��ÿ��S��,��ҹ��ھۺ��^��,�S��Ĳ��(li��n)�ɾW(w��ng)��,��ܘ��(qi��ng),�Ķ��ۺ϶��,̎��Ч��ӏ�(qi��ng),�γɵ��ڳ��۹��ڃ��r�װl(f��)��Ծ۷��(y��ng),��z��ʧȥ��,��ֻ�ܬF(xi��n)��Ƃ�,�@Ҳ��˾۹��đ�(y��ng)�ú��ƏV,��۹��,�c�X�},��F�}��o�C(j��)�߷��ӻ��X��F��ʹ��,��þ۹��X�}��F�}�Ƴɺ��x�ӵľ۹��(y��ng)�õ�ˮ̎��,��к��x�ӵľ۹��(y��ng)��^�V,��ھ۹��м��x��(Al3+,Fe3+ ��),��ƹ��ۺ�,�Ӿ��z,��ʹ��w�w�e��@��,�Ķ��Ƶ͜ػ��Ч��[4],��

2��ЙC(j��)��

�ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��c�o�C(j��)��,��١��ٶȿ�,��ܹ��}�,��pHֵ��ض�Ӱ�С��ɵ��,��̎��Ч��õȃ�(y��u)�c(di��n),��Ŀǰʹ�õ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��Ҫ��˹��ϳ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��Ȼ�߷��ӻ��ɷN,��,��΢��߷��о�ҲԽ��Խ�ܵ��P(gu��n)ע[5]��

2.1�˹��ϳ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��

�˹��ϳ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��۱�ϩ,��ϩ��|(zh��),��۱�ϩ��,��ϩ��ȡ��ڷ��,��ӹ��܈F(tu��n)��,��С��Ʒ�N��c(di��n),��Ј��ռ�^��(y��u)��,��Ծ۱�ϩ��ϵ��V��,��˹��ϳ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��c(di��n)�ǿɸ��(j��)��Ҫ��úϳɷ��̼��L��M(j��n)��{(di��o)��(ji��),ͬ�r��̼��˲�ͬ��|(zh��)�Ĺ��܈F(tu��n),��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��(j��)��܈F(tu��n)��|(zh��),�ɷ֞��x��(�缾�@�}��x��;ۃ�(n��i)ϩ��),��x��(�粿��ˮ��۱�ϩ��,��۱�ϩ��c��ϩ��c��ϩ��Ȇ��w�Ĺ��)��x��(��۱�ϩ��,��ϩ��,��ϩ��)�̓��(��Ծ۱�ϩ��)��͡��ϳ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��Ĺ��܈F(tu��n)��-COOH,��-CONH2,��-OH��-NH2��,��ԏ�(qi��ng)��(x��)΢�w��,��΢��c΢��֮�g�γɼܘ��,�@�N�Y(ji��)��(g��u)�ϵ�׃��ɘ�(g��u)��ܝM��N��ͬ��Ҫ�Įa(ch��n)Ʒ,��߀��ᘌ��ͬ̎�팦��ϳɆ��w��ͬ�ͷ��ͬ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��,��Ŀǰ,��˹��ϳ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��ăr�񲻔��ϝq,�Լ��߷��ӻ��w��ԵȆ��},��ʳƷ�ӹ��oˮ̎��l(f��)�͹��I(y��)�ȷ��İl(f��)չ,��˓�(d��n)�ĵ��Ǻϳ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��Ƿ��w��a(ch��n)��L�ڵ�Ӱ�,��,��°��ԡ��ͻ׃�Ե�,��δ�ж�Փ,��

2.2��Ȼ�߷��ӻ��

��Ȼ�߷��ӻ��ˮ̎��еđ�(y��ng)�Úvʷ��׷�ݵ�2000��ǰ�ĹŴ��Ї��͹Ű��,��ڽ��ˮ̎��,ͨ�^��W(xu��)��Ե��Ȼ�߷��ӻ��һ��Ҫ�Ļ��,��c(di��n)�Ƿ��ֲ��V,��Ի��F(tu��n)�c(di��n)��, �Y(ji��)��(g��u)��ӻ��,�Ȟ�ͻ��ȫ�o��,��õ�“�h(hu��n)��ɽ��”����늺��ܶ��^С,��^��,��װl(f��)��ｵ��ʧȥ��Ե�ȱ�c(di��n),��ʹ��ںϳɸ߷��ӻ��,��

2.3΢��߷��

��о��l(f��)�F(xi��n),�S��΢��ܮa(ch��n)��|(zh��),��Ҫ��:��m��Ծ�,��tƽ�t��,��U��;��m��Ծ�,��f(xi��)��a(ch��n)�A�U��;��΢��,��نΰ��١��U��,��M��ù�ٵ�,��о��(qi��ng)��õ��Ǽtƽ�t��,��ձ��ĺ��Ҋ,�ڳ��õĻ��΢��мsռ2%,��_�l(f��)��΢�� NOC-1��΢��ڏUˮ�Ҹ��w��ȥ��,�UˮÓɫ,�黯Һ��ˮ��x,��ܵĸ��,��Uˮ��̎��,��Óˮ��,��

3��Y(ji��)�Z

�v�^��İl(f��)չ�vʷ��Կ��,ˮ̎��(j��ng)�v�ˏ��Ă��y(t��ng)��,��o�C(j��)�߷��ӻ��,�ٵ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��;�ĺ��ε��Ȼ�ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��,��ϳɵ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��,�ٵ��Ȼ��ЙC(j��)�߷��ӻ��;�Ļ��W(xu��)��,��B(t��i)��ȫ��ܵ�΢��,��(d��ng)ǰ��İl(f��)չڅ��Ǹ߷��ӻ�,��(f��)�ϻ��Ͷ๦�ܻ��M(j��n)һ��߻��ʹ�õĽ�(j��ng)��(j��)Ч��,��Ч��ͭh(hu��n)��Ч��,��о��c(di��n)��(y��ng)��ڏ�(f��)��͸߷��ӻ��,��Ȼ�߷��|(zh��)��Ԯa(ch��n)Ʒ�đ�(y��ng)��,��΢��_�l(f��)��®a(ch��n)Ʒ�͂��y(t��ng)��ĽY(ji��)�ϑ�(y��ng)��ϡ�

��īI(xi��n)��
��1�ݺλ��,ͯ��.ˮ̎��о��M(j��n)չ[J].��(y��ng)�û��,2001,30(6):14-16.
��2��,ͯ��A.�X�}��о��M(j��n)չ[J].��,2005,(2):9-11.
��3��Ф��,��o.ˮ̎��о��M(j��n)չ[J].�V�a(ch��n)�c��|(zh��),2003,17(1):90-95.
��4�ݴ��,�¼tӢ.ˮ̎��о��(y��ng)�ìF(xi��n)��[J].ɽ��,1999,19(1):58- 61.
��5�ݏ��,���.ˮ̎��о��M(j��n)չ[J].��I(y��)��ˮ�c�Uˮ,2001,32(3):5-7.
��6�ݿ��,��ɽ.ˮ̎��_�l(f��)�c��(y��ng)��[J].�A�пƼ��W(xu��)�W(xu��)��,2004,(2): 23-26.

����D(zhu��n)�d��ǳ��ڂ��f��Ϣ֮Ŀ��,��Ё�Դ��(bi��o)ע�e�`��ַ��ĺϷ��(qu��n)��,��Ո��߳֙�(qu��n)��C��c��W(w��ng)(li��n)ϵ��҂��r��,��h��,��x�x��