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�׵�ȥ��л��W(xu��)��׃ɷN��ˇ,��һ�N��(j��ng)��(j��)�ĳ��׷��ԓ��׹�ˇĿǰ߀��ܱ��C��(w��n)��_(d��)��0.5mg/l��ˮ��(bi��o)��(zh��n)��Ҫ��,��Ҫ�_(d��)��(w��n)��ĳ�ˮ��(bi��o)��(zh��n),��Ҫ��ȡ��W(xu��)��״�ʩ��M��Ҫ��

1��W(xu��)��׵�ԭ��

��W(xu��)��ͨ�^��W(xu��)��^��ɵ�,��W(xu��)��ָͨ�^��ˮ��Ͷ�ӟo�C(j��)��}ˎ��c��ˮ��ܽ��Ե��}�,��}��Ϻ�,��γ��w����ܽ��Ե��|(zh��),��@һ�^��漰��^��D(zhu��n)��^��,��(y��ng)��e��ʽ1��H��Ͷ�ӻ��W(xu��)ˎ��,��ˮ��M(j��n)�еĲ��H�H�ǳ��(y��ng),��ͬ�r߀�M(j��n)��W(xu��)��(y��ng)��Ա�횅^(q��)�ֻ��W(xu��)��ͻ��W(xu��)��Ĳ(��D1��ʾ),��

FeCl3+K3PO4→FePO4↓+3KCl��ʽ1��

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��(j��)��W(xu��)��(y��ng)�Ļ��A(ch��),��}��,��ڻ��W(xu��)��׵Ļ��W(xu��)ˎ��Ҫ�ǽ��}ˎ��͚��}(��ʯ��)��S��߃r��x��ˎ��Ͷ�ӵ��ˮ�к�,��c��ˮ�е��ܽ��x�ӽY(ji��)��y�ܽ��ԵĻ��,��ڽ�(j��ng)��(j��)ԭ��׳��Ľ��}ˎ��Ҫ��Fe3+,��Al3+��Fe2+�}��ʯ��,��@Щˎ��Һ�͑Ҹ�Һ��B(t��i)ʹ�õġ��r�F�}�H��(d��ng)��ˮ�к��,��ܱ��r�F�}�r��ʹ��,��Fe2+�ڌ��H�О��ܱ��Ͷ�ӵ��ؚ��ɰ�ػ��ͬ��ˇͶ�ӵ��ؚ��У��Ч��ͬʹ��Fe3+һ��,��(y��ng)ʽ��ʽ2,��3��

Al3++PO43-→AlPO4↓pH=6��7��ʽ2��

Fe3++PO43-→FePO4↓pH=5��5.5��ʽ3��

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Al3++3OH-→Al(OH)3↓��ʽ4��

Fe3++3OH-→Fe(OH)3��ʽ5��

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��Ч��PHֵӰ푵�,��}��ܽ��ͬ��Ҳ��PH��Ӱ�,��F�}��PHֵ��5.0��5.5��X�}��6.0��7.0,��PHֵ��(n��i)FePO4��AIPO4��ܽ��С,��ʹ�ý��}ˎ��o��ˮ��̎��߀��̎��ָ��(sh��),��Ӛ�Ó��,��

��ڽ��}ˎ��Ͷ�ӕ�ʹ��ˮ̎��S��ˮ�е�Cl-��SO2-4�x�Ӻ��ӡ��ˎ��Һ��⺬��Ԓ,��t��؄e��ע��,��

Ͷ�ӽ��}ˎ��(y��ng)��ˮ�ĉA�ȣ��@Ҳ�S��a(ch��n)��Ӱ�,��(d��ng)��ͬ��ˇ��ʹ��F�r,��횿��]��(y��ng)��Ӱ푡�

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��˽��}ˎ��,��}Ҳ��ˎ��,��ڳ��^��У��ڲ��ܽ��Ե��}��γ��Ҫ��õĲ��Ca2+,��OH-�x��,��S��pHֵ��ߣ��}��ܽ��Խ��,��Ca(OH)2��Ҫ��pHֵ��8.5��,��}��γ��ǰ��(y��ng)ʽ6�M(j��n)�еģ�

5Ca2++3PO43-+OH-→Ca5(PO4)3OH↓��ʽ6��

��pHֵ��8.5��10.5�ķ��(n��i)��˕��a(ch��n)��}��⣬߀��a(ch��n)��̼��},��@Ҳ�S��(d��o)��ڳرڻ��,��ܱ��ϽY(ji��)��(y��ng)ʽ��ʽ7,��

Ca2++CO32-→CaCO3��ʽ7��

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2��W(xu��)��Ͷ��Ӌ��

��ʽ2��ʽ3ȥ��һ��ӵ��},��Ҫһ��ӵ��F�}��X�},��Ӌ�㷽�㣬��HӋ��ÿ˷��(mol)��߿�ԭ��,��

�ڻ��W(xu��)��וr��ȥ��1mol(31g)P��Ҫlmol(56g)Fe,��Ҫ1.8(56/31)��Fe,��O.9(27/31)��Al��Ҳ��fȥ��lgP��Ҫ1.8g��Fe,��0.9g��Al,��

��ڌ��H�У��(y��ng)�в��100%��Ч�M(j��n)�е�,��֮OH-��c��x�Ӹ��(y��ng),��(y��ng)�Ě��ʽ4��ʽ5,��Ԍ��H��W(xu��)��ˎ��Ͷ��һ��Ҫ��Ͷ��,��Ա��C�_(d��)��Ҫ�ĳ�ˮP��ȡ��Ӌ��r,��Ͷ��ϵ��(sh��)β�ĸ��,��

β=(molFe,molAl)��molP��ʽ8��

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��ڌ��HӋ��,��Ч��ȥ��(��ˮ��֣�1mgP/1),��βֵ��1.5��Ҳ��fȥ��1kg�ף��ҪͶ�ӣ�

1.5×��56��31��=2.7 kg Fe

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1.5×��27��31��=1.3 kg Al

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3,��Ӌ�㌍��

��1��ˮ̎��S�O(sh��)Ӌˮ��10000m3/d,��M(j��n)ˮ�е�P��Ȟ�14mg/L��ˮP��Ҫ��_(d��)��1mg/L,��O(sh��)Ӌ��ó��ˎ��Ȼ��XAlCl3,��Ч�ɷ֞�6%(60g/kgAlCl3)��ܶȞ�1.3kg/L,��ͬ��,��ԇӋ��Ҫ��ˎ��

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��(j��ng)�^��γ��س��̎��ȥ��מ�2mg/L,��t��̎��O(sh��)ʩ�M(j��n)ˮ��P��Ȟ�11mg/L,��(j��ng)�^��ͬ��ȥ��P��1mg/L��t�轛(j��ng)��ȥ��

Pؓ(f��)��=

10000m3/d·(0.011-0.001)kg/m3=100kg/d

�O(sh��)Ӌ��Ͷ��ϵ��(sh��)βֵ��1.5,��

�O(sh��)ӋAL��Ͷ��飺

1.5×��27��31��×100=130kgAl/d

��Ҫˎ��飺

130×1000(g/d)/60(g/kg)=2167kg/dAlCl3

��Ҫ�w�e��飺

2167(kg/d)/1.3(kg/L)=1667L/dAlCl3

��2��O(sh��)Ӌ��ˎ��၆�FFeSO4,��Ч�ɷ֞�180gFe/kgFeSO4��10��r����ܽ�Ȟ�400gFeSO4/L,��O(sh��)Ӌ��(sh��)ͬ��1,��