�ﻯ��ļ��g�R��

��r�g��2021-04-12 11:12 ��Դ��h(hu��n)��̎� ��: ��x��4263

��ȥ��ֶ��҂��õ��Ó��,��һЩ��ϻ��ߑ��r��,��Ҫ�õ��ֶ�ȥȥ��

1,��Ó��

��Ó��Ļ��ԭ��ǚ�Һ��ƽ��͂��|�ٶ��Փ,��Uˮ�е�NH3-Nͨ��@�x�ӣ�NH4+��x��(NH3)�Ġ�B(t��i)�ѳ�ƽ��ڵģ�

NH4++OH?NH3+H2O

��PH��ԕr��NH3-N��Ҫ��@�x�ӣ�NH4+��ʽ��,��PHֵ��A��,��NH3-N��Ҫ��x��NH3��B(t��i)��ڴ�Ó��ڷ�ˮ�м��A��{��(ji��)PHֵ��A��,��Ȍ��Uˮ�е�NH4+�D��NH3,��Ȼ��ͨ��՚��M�н��Uˮ�е�NH3�D��,��Ķ��NH3-N��ˮ��ȥ��,��ÿ՚��ˮ��d�⣬ǰ�߷Q��՚ⴵÓ,��߷Q��Ó,��

��ƴ�ÓЧ�ʸߵ͵��P�I��ǜضȡ��Һ�Ⱥ�pH,��

��ˮ�ش��25 ��,��Һ�ȿ��3500��,��B�VҺpH��10.5��ң��ڰ��ȸ��_2000��4000mg/L��B�VҺ,��ȥ��ʿ��_��90%��,��Ó��ڵؕ͜r��ȥ��Ч�ʲ��,��

��ó��Ó��g��ʏS�ߝ�Ȱ��Uˮ(��882mg/L)�M��̎��ԇ�,��ѹ�ˇ�l��pH=11��Ó�r�g��40min,��ˮ�Ȟ�1000��1ԇ�Y��,��Uˮ��ó��ݗ��Ժ�,��Ĵ�ÓЧ��@��ӣ��c��y(t��ng)��Ó��g��,��ȥ��17%��164%,��90%��ϣ��Ó�󰱵��100mg/L�ԃ�,��

��^�͵Ĵ��r��pH�{��(ji��)��A��,��Ҫ��Uˮ��Ͷ��һ��Ě��}��ˮ��,��ͬ�r,��˷�ֹ��Ó��İ��ɶ��Ⱦ��Ҫ�ڴ�Ó��O�ð��b��,��

��̎��UASB�A̎��B�VҺ(2240mg/L)�r�l(f��)�F(xi��n)��pH=11.5,��r�g��24h��H��120r/min��ٶ��ݶ��M�ЙCе��,��ȥ��ʱ��_95%,��pH=12�rͨ�^�ؚ�Ó��ڵ�17С�rpH�_ʼ�½�,��ȥ��ʃH��85%,��(j��)��J�飬��Ó��Ó��Ҫ�C�푪ԓ�ǙCе��ǿ՚�Uɢ��,��

2,��ʯ��

��÷�ʯ�е��x��c�Uˮ�е�NH4 �M�н��Q��_��Ó��Ŀ�ġ��ʯһ�㱻��̎��͝�Ⱥ��Uˮ��΢��ؽ��ٵďUˮ,��Ȼ��,��Y��̽ӑ�˷�ʯ��ȥ��B�VҺ�а��Ч��ԡ�Сԇ�о��Y��,��ÿ�˷�ʯ��15.5mg��ĘO�ޝ��,��ʯ��30��16Ŀ�r��ȥ��_��78.5%,��r�g,��Ͷ��ʯ��ͬ��r�£��Mˮ��Խ��,��Խ��,��ʯ��ȥ��B�VҺ�еİ��ǿ��еġ�

�÷�ʯ�x�ӽ��Q��̎��^��i�ʏUˮ�r�l(f��)�F(xi��n)Na-Zeo,��Mg-Zeo,��Ca-Zeo��k-Zeo��Na-Zeo��ʯЧ��,��Ca-Zeo,��x�ӽ��Q��ĸ߶ȿ��߰��ȥ��,��C�Ͽ��]��ԭ��ˮ��l��18cm(H/D=4),��С��7.8BV/h�Ǳ��^�m�ϵĳߴ�,��x�ӽ��Q��ܑҸ��ȵ�Ӱ��^��

��÷�ʯÓ��횿��]��ʯ��},��ͨ��Һ��ͷٟ��,��÷ٟ��r��a��İ��M��̎��,��

3,��Ĥ��x��g

��Ĥ��x��͸�^��M�а��Ó��һ�N��@�N��,��ʸ�,��o��Ⱦ��Yչ�i�Ȳ��늝B��;۱�ϩ(PP)�п��w�SĤ��̎��ߝ�Ȱ��o�C�Uˮ��ȡ��õ�Ч��,��늝B��̎��Uˮ2000��3000mg/L,��ȥ��ʿ��85%��ϣ�ͬ�r�ɫ@��8.9%�ĝⰱˮ,��˷��ˇ��̺��,��ˎ��\��^��ĵ��c�Uˮ�а��ȳ��,��PP�п��w�SĤ��Ó��Ч��>90%,��յ��@��25%��ҡ��\��ӉA,��ӉA��c�Uˮ�а��ȳ��,��

�黯ҺĤ�ǷN��Һ��ʽ��ڵ�ҺĤ��x��͸�^�ԣ��Һ-Һ��x,��x�^��ͨ��黯ҺĤ(��ú��Ĥ)��x��|,��Ĥ�ɂ�ͨ�^NH3�ĝ�Ȳ�͔Uɢ��f��Ƅ��ʹNH3�M��Ĥ��,��Ķ��_��x��Ŀ��,��

4��MAP��B�Sʯ��

��Ҫ��»��W��

Mg2+NH4+PO43-=MgNH4PO4↓

��Փ��v��һ��иߝ�Ȱ��ďUˮ��Ͷ��}��V�},��[Mg2+ ][NH4+ ][PO43-]>2.5×10–13�r��@�V(MAP),��ȥ�Uˮ�еİ��´�V�Ȳ��򰱵��^�ߵĹ��I(y��)�Uˮ��Ͷ��MgCl2•6H2O��Na2HPO4•12H2O��@�V��ķ��,��ȥ��еĸߝ�Ȱ��,��Y��pH��8.91��Mg2 ,��NH4 ,��PO43-��Ħ��Ȟ�1.25:1:1,��ضȞ�25��,��r�g��20min��r�g��20min�ėl��,��|��ȿ��9500mg/L��͵�460mg/L,��ȥ��_��95%��ϡ�

��ڶ��(sh��)�Uˮ��V�}�ĺ��}�Ͱ��^��,��M��ɵ��@�V��r�ʶ��һ��ֳɱ�,��Ͷ��V�}��M��Գɞ��@�N��е��Ҫ��ء��ˮȡ֮��M,��к��д��V�},��Kumashiro��Ժ�ˮ��V�x��Դԇ��о��@�V�Y��^�̡��}�u��}��aƷ,��Ҫ��MgCl2��o�C��,��Mg2�s��32g/L�麣ˮ��27��Lee��MgCl2,��ˮ,��}�u�քe��Mg2 Դ��@�V�Y��̎��B(y��ng)�i��Uˮ��Y��,��pH��Ҫ�Ŀ��ƅ��(sh��),��K�cpH≈9.6�r��10min�ȼ��ɽY��,��ڏUˮ�е�N/P��ƽ��,��c��ɷNMg2 Դ��ȣ��}�u�ĳ��Ч��ͬ��Ó��Ч��Բ�,��

5,��W��

��Ï��ֱ��ɵ��M��Ó��һ�N��c��ˮ�еİ��c�ȷ��ɰ��Ó��,��@��Ҋ��һ�N��W��,��

��c��ȷ��ǌ��Ț��cͨ��Uˮ�Ќ��Uˮ�е�NH3-N��N2�Ļ��WÓ��ˇ��Ț�ͨ��Uˮ��_��ĳһ�c�rˮ��x�Ⱥ��,��ĝ�Ƚ��,��Ț�ͨ��^ԓ�c�r��ˮ�е��x�Ⱦ͕��,��ԓ�c�Q��c,��ԓ��B(t��i)�µ��Ȼ��Q��c�Ȼ��̎��ˮ��Č��H�Ț��ȡ�Q�ڜضȡ�pHֵ��,��ÿ�˰��Ҫ9��10mg�Ț�,��pHֵ��6��7�r��ѷ��^(q��)�g��|�r�g��0.5��2С�r,��

��c��ȷ�̎��ĳ�ˮ��ŷ�ǰһ��Ҫ�û��̼��M�з��Ȼ�,��ȥ��ˮ�К��ȡ�1mg��ȴ�s��Ҫ0.9��1.0mg�Ķ��,��ڷ��Ȼ��r��a��x��,��ɴ��pHֵ�½�һ��Ժ��ԣ��ȥ��1mg��ֻ��2mg��ң��CaCO3Ӌ��,��c�Ȼ��C��£�

Cl2+H2O→HOCl+H++Cl��

NH4++HOCl→NH2Cl+H++H2O

NHCl2+H2O→NOH+2H++2Cl��

NHCl2+NaOH→N2+HOCl+H++Cl��

��c�Ȼ��ͻ��ă�(y��u)�c�ǿ�ͨ�^��_��Ƽ��͌��M�о��,��ʹ�Uˮ��ȫ��㣬ͬ�rʹ�Uˮ�_��Ŀ��,��ڰ��ȵͣ�С��50mg/L��ďUˮ��f,��@�N��^�齛��˿˷��Ϊ��c��ȷ�̎��Uˮ��Ҫ��ȵ�ȱ�c,��˷��c��B��,��ٳ�΢��

�Ȼ��̎��_90%��100%,��̎��Ч��(w��n)��,��ˮ��Ӱ푣��ں��؅^(q��)�˷��؄e��,��Ͷ�Y�^��,��\��M�øߣ��a��Ȱ��Ȼ��ЙC��ɶ��Ⱦ,��Ȼ��ֻ�m��̎��͝�Ȱ��Uˮ,��

��ͬϵ��f��廯��ڵ��r��,��c��l(f��)��c��ȵķ��

Br-+O3+H+ →HBrO+O2

NH3+HBrO→NH2Br+H2O

NH2Br+HBrO→NHBr2+H2O

NH2Br+NHBr2→N2↑+3Br-+3H+

��һ��Ч�ݷe32L��B�m(x��)�ؚ��ϳɏUˮ(��600mg/L)�M��ԇ��о�,��̽ӑB(t��i)r/N��pH�Լ��ʼ��Ȍ��Ӱ�,��Դ_��ȥ��İ��γ��ٵ�NO3-��ѷ��l��,��l(f��)�F(xi��n)NFR(��ˮNO3--N�c�Mˮ��֮��)�ڌ��(sh��)��cBr-/N�ɾ��P�Pϵ��Br-/N>0.4,��ؓ�ɞ�3.6��4.0kg/(m³•d)�r,��ؓ�ɽ��̈́tNFR��͡��ˮpH=6.0�r,��NFR��BrO--Br(�ж��a��)��,��BrO--Br��Na2SO3��ֽ⣬Na2SO3Ͷ��ORP��ơ�

����D�d��ǳ��ڂ��f��Ϣ֮Ŀ��,��Ё�Դ��ע�e�`��ַ��ĺϷ��,��Ո��߳֙��C��c��W(li��n)ϵ��҂��r��,��h��,��x�x��