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ժҪ:��л��؅^(q��)�ѳɞ��л��о��ğ��c,��톖�}��ҕ.�Ե��Ͱ��л��؅^(q��)——�B�T�м��^(q��)��,ͨ�^��{(di��o)��c��زɘӃɷN��,��ͬס�^(q��)��ͥ��a(ch��n)��,��ͨ�^��ڷ��,��Ȼ��,��϶ѷʡ��Ϸٟ��Լ��̎��4�N��̎��Ĝ��Қ��w�ŷ�,��(y��ng)��팦��.�Y(ji��)��:��л��؅^(q��)�ɻ��Ϳɶѷ��Ļ��д��;�r(n��ng)��c�ͳ��ס�^(q��)��(y��ng)��p��c;С��(zh��n)�ͳǽ��ʵ�,��(y��ng)�಼�O(sh��)��Ҏ(gu��)��ُվ�c;�r(n��ng)��c�Ŀɶѷ��^��,��(y��ng)��O(sh��)��̎��C��?q��)��ɶѷ��ռ��̎�?��ס�^(q��)��(y��ng)ע��к��ķ��ռ��c��ȫ̎��;��̎��̼�ŷſ��ڻ��̎��;��Ϸٟ��r��ĵ�̼�ŷ��,��̼�ŷſ��ڻ�϶ѷʻ��.

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1��(Introduction)

�ڿ��ٳ��л��c��I(y��)��p��,��к��l(xi��ng)��֮�g�໥�B͸,��Ӱl(f��)չ�đB(t��i)�ݷǳ��@,��ߵĽ��څģ��,�ڳ��߅��u�γ�һ�N��@�^��Ժ̈́ӑB(t��i)��ĵ��,��y(t��ng)�ĳ��l(xi��ng)��ԪՓ�ѽ�(j��ng)�o��@�N��΄��M�Мʴ_ԏ�,��Ǉ��H��ЌW��˰��л��؅^(q��)�ĸ��(Iaquinta et al.,2000;Webster,2002)

��Y(ji��)��^(q��)��(n��i)��l(xi��ng)��û��s��e,��(j��ng)��Y(ji��)��(g��u)��׃��,��a(ch��n)�I(y��)�c�͘I(y��)�Y(ji��)��(g��u)��r(n��ng)��ˮƽ�ߵ��a(ch��n)�I(y��)�c�˿ڿ��g��۶ȵ͵��@��c(��ҵ�,2009;Makitaet al.,2010).��л��؅^(q��)�Ľ�(j��ng)��L��Ѹ��л��,�҇��M��ٳ��л��A��֮��,ԓ�^(q��)��՝u�ɞ��аl(f��)չ��c�Լ��л��о��ğ��c(Ginsburg et al.,1991;Zhao et al.,2009;�S��P,2009).

��л��؅^(q��)չ�_�о��_��ԓ�^(q��)��ڳ��л��M��еİl(f��)չ��,ͨ�^��Ҏ(gu��)��c��,��Ԝp�ٻ��ڳ��л��^��п��ܳ��F(xi��n)�ĸ��Nؓ��Ӱ�.

Ŀǰ��(n��i)�⌦�ڰ��л��؅^(q��)��о��༯��Єeָ��wϵ(��G�õ�,2003)��(q��)��ط��

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